"chmara" meaning in All languages combined

See chmara on Wiktionary

Noun [Polish]

IPA: /ˈxma.ra/, [ˈxma.ra] (note: Far Masovian), [ˈxma.ra] (note: Lasovia), [ˈxma.ra] (note: Zagórze)
Rhymes: -ara Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xmara. Etymology templates: {{ety|pl|:inh|sla-pro:*xmara|text=+|tree=1}} [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "chmara", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="chmara"> Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xmara. Head templates: {{pl-noun|f}} chmara f Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-noun-f}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], chmara [nominative, singular], chmary [nominative, plural], chmary [genitive, singular], chmar [genitive, plural], chmarze [dative, singular], chmarom [dative, plural], chmarę [accusative, singular], chmary [accusative, plural], chmarą [instrumental, singular], chmarami [instrumental, plural], chmarze [locative, singular], chmarach [locative, plural], chmaro [singular, vocative], chmary [plural, vocative]
  1. swarm of flying insects Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-chmara-pl-noun-bbLF6R7K Categories (other): Insects Disambiguation of Insects: 50 33 11 2 2 2
  2. flock of birds in flight Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-chmara-pl-noun-F2Ur5PCp Categories (other): Far Masovian Polish, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Pages with etymon, Polish entries referencing missing etymons, Polish entries with etymology texts, Polish entries with etymon, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks, Zagórze Polish, Birds, Collectives Disambiguation of Far Masovian Polish: 6 17 5 7 33 32 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 20 45 19 6 2 7 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 21 54 18 3 1 3 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 21 53 18 3 1 3 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 20 46 19 6 2 7 Disambiguation of Polish entries referencing missing etymons: 19 49 12 7 2 11 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology texts: 19 49 12 8 2 11 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymon: 18 52 13 6 2 10 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 21 43 14 9 1 12 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 13 38 6 15 5 23 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 19 35 14 13 2 18 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 18 51 14 6 2 10 Disambiguation of Zagórze Polish: 13 38 7 16 5 22 Disambiguation of Birds: 15 67 12 2 2 3 Disambiguation of Collectives: 20 46 16 9 3 6
  3. (hunting) herd of deer, elk, or wisents Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-chmara-pl-noun-c1ss-SKG Categories (other): Hunting Topics: hobbies, hunting, lifestyle
  4. swarm (large number of people or things) Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-chmara-pl-noun-pMZshWKT
  5. (obsolete or dialectal, Far Masovian) cloud Tags: dialectal, feminine, obsolete
    Sense id: en-chmara-pl-noun-VmgQELdT Categories (other): Far Masovian Polish, Far Masovian Polish, Clouds Disambiguation of Far Masovian Polish: 6 17 5 7 33 32 Disambiguation of Clouds: 8 8 3 10 62 10

Numeral [Polish]

IPA: /ˈxma.ra/, [ˈxma.ra] (note: Far Masovian), [ˈxma.ra] (note: Lasovia), [ˈxma.ra] (note: Zagórze)
Rhymes: -ara Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xmara. Etymology templates: {{ety|pl|:inh|sla-pro:*xmara|text=+|tree=1}} [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "chmara", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="chmara"> Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xmara.
  1. (Far Masovian, Lasovia, Zagórze) swarm; many, a lot [with genitive] Synonyms: dużo, wiele
    Sense id: en-chmara-pl-num-CED1F5tL Categories (other): Far Masovian Polish, Lasovia Polish, Zagórze Polish, Far Masovian Polish, Lasovia Polish Disambiguation of Far Masovian Polish: 6 17 5 7 33 32 Disambiguation of Lasovia Polish: 9 25 4 10 3 48

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*xmara",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xmara"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "sla-pro:*xmara",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"chmara\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"chmara\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *xmara.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xmara.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmary",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmary",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmarze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmarom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmarę",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmary",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmarą",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmarami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmarze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmarach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmaro",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmary",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "chmara f",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "chma‧ra"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "chma‧ra"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 33 11 2 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Insects",
          "orig": "pl:Insects",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "swarm of flying insects"
      ],
      "id": "en-chmara-pl-noun-bbLF6R7K",
      "links": [
        [
          "swarm",
          "swarm"
        ],
        [
          "flying",
          "flying"
        ],
        [
          "insect",
          "insect"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 17 5 7 33 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Far Masovian Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 45 19 6 2 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 54 18 3 1 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 53 18 3 1 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 46 19 6 2 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 49 12 7 2 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries referencing missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 49 12 8 2 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 52 13 6 2 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 43 14 9 1 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 38 6 15 5 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 35 14 13 2 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 51 14 6 2 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 38 7 16 5 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Zagórze Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 67 12 2 2 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Birds",
          "orig": "pl:Birds",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 46 16 9 3 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Collectives",
          "orig": "pl:Collectives",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "flock of birds in flight"
      ],
      "id": "en-chmara-pl-noun-F2Ur5PCp",
      "links": [
        [
          "flock",
          "flock"
        ],
        [
          "bird",
          "bird"
        ],
        [
          "flight",
          "flight"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Hunting",
          "orig": "pl:Hunting",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "herd of deer, elk, or wisents"
      ],
      "id": "en-chmara-pl-noun-c1ss-SKG",
      "links": [
        [
          "hunting",
          "hunting#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "herd",
          "herd"
        ],
        [
          "deer",
          "deer"
        ],
        [
          "elk",
          "elk"
        ],
        [
          "wisent",
          "wisent"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(hunting) herd of deer, elk, or wisents"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "hobbies",
        "hunting",
        "lifestyle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "swarm (large number of people or things)"
      ],
      "id": "en-chmara-pl-noun-pMZshWKT",
      "links": [
        [
          "swarm",
          "swarm"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Far Masovian Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 17 5 7 33 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Far Masovian Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 8 3 10 62 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Clouds",
          "orig": "pl:Clouds",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cloud"
      ],
      "id": "en-chmara-pl-noun-VmgQELdT",
      "links": [
        [
          "cloud",
          "cloud"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete or dialectal, Far Masovian) cloud"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "feminine",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxma.ra/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈxma.ra]",
      "note": "Far Masovian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈxma.ra]",
      "note": "Lasovia"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈxma.ra]",
      "note": "Zagórze"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ara"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Chmara"
    }
  ],
  "word": "chmara"
}

{
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*xmara",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xmara"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "sla-pro:*xmara",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"chmara\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"chmara\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *xmara.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xmara.",
  "hyphenation": [
    "chma‧ra"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "chma‧ra"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "num",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Far Masovian Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Lasovia Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Zagórze Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 17 5 7 33 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Far Masovian Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 25 4 10 3 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Lasovia Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              2,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "english": "A swarm of people was at the fair.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Far Masovian"
          ],
          "text": "Chmara narodu była na jermarku.",
          "translation": "A swarm of people was at the fair.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "swarm; many, a lot"
      ],
      "id": "en-chmara-pl-num-CED1F5tL",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "gen"
          },
          "expansion": "[with genitive]",
          "extra_data": {
            "tags": [
              "genitive"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "swarm",
          "swarm"
        ],
        [
          "many",
          "many"
        ],
        [
          "a lot",
          "a lot"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Far Masovian, Lasovia, Zagórze) swarm; many, a lot [with genitive]"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "dużo"
        },
        {
          "word": "wiele"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxma.ra/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈxma.ra]",
      "note": "Far Masovian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈxma.ra]",
      "note": "Lasovia"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈxma.ra]",
      "note": "Zagórze"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ara"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Chmara"
    }
  ],
  "word": "chmara"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Far Masovian Polish",
    "Lasovia Polish",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish entries referencing missing etymons",
    "Polish entries with etymology texts",
    "Polish entries with etymon",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish feminine nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish numerals",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with homophones",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ara",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ara/2 syllables",
    "Zagórze Polish",
    "pl:Birds",
    "pl:Clouds",
    "pl:Collectives",
    "pl:Insects"
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*xmara",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xmara"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "sla-pro:*xmara",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"chmara\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"chmara\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *xmara.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xmara.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmary",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmary",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmarze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmarom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmarę",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmary",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmarą",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmarami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmarze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmarach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmaro",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmary",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "chmara f",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "chma‧ra"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "chma‧ra"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "swarm of flying insects"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "swarm",
          "swarm"
        ],
        [
          "flying",
          "flying"
        ],
        [
          "insect",
          "insect"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "flock of birds in flight"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "flock",
          "flock"
        ],
        [
          "bird",
          "bird"
        ],
        [
          "flight",
          "flight"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "pl:Hunting"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "herd of deer, elk, or wisents"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hunting",
          "hunting#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "herd",
          "herd"
        ],
        [
          "deer",
          "deer"
        ],
        [
          "elk",
          "elk"
        ],
        [
          "wisent",
          "wisent"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(hunting) herd of deer, elk, or wisents"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "hobbies",
        "hunting",
        "lifestyle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "swarm (large number of people or things)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "swarm",
          "swarm"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Far Masovian Polish",
        "Polish dialectal terms",
        "Polish terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cloud"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cloud",
          "cloud"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete or dialectal, Far Masovian) cloud"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "feminine",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxma.ra/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈxma.ra]",
      "note": "Far Masovian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈxma.ra]",
      "note": "Lasovia"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈxma.ra]",
      "note": "Zagórze"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ara"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Chmara"
    }
  ],
  "word": "chmara"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Far Masovian Polish",
    "Lasovia Polish",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish entries referencing missing etymons",
    "Polish entries with etymology texts",
    "Polish entries with etymon",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish feminine nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish numerals",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with homophones",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ara",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ara/2 syllables",
    "Zagórze Polish",
    "pl:Birds",
    "pl:Clouds",
    "pl:Collectives",
    "pl:Insects"
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*xmara",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xmara"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "sla-pro:*xmara",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"chmara\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"chmara\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *xmara.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xmara.",
  "hyphenation": [
    "chma‧ra"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "chma‧ra"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "num",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Far Masovian Polish",
        "Lasovia Polish",
        "Polish terms with usage examples",
        "Zagórze Polish"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              2,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "english": "A swarm of people was at the fair.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Far Masovian"
          ],
          "text": "Chmara narodu była na jermarku.",
          "translation": "A swarm of people was at the fair.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "swarm; many, a lot"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "gen"
          },
          "expansion": "[with genitive]",
          "extra_data": {
            "tags": [
              "genitive"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "swarm",
          "swarm"
        ],
        [
          "many",
          "many"
        ],
        [
          "a lot",
          "a lot"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Far Masovian, Lasovia, Zagórze) swarm; many, a lot [with genitive]"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "dużo"
        },
        {
          "word": "wiele"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxma.ra/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈxma.ra]",
      "note": "Far Masovian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈxma.ra]",
      "note": "Lasovia"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈxma.ra]",
      "note": "Zagórze"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ara"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Chmara"
    }
  ],
  "word": "chmara"
}

Download raw JSONL data for chmara meaning in All languages combined (6.6kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: obsolete or dialectal, Far Masovian",
  "path": [
    "chmara"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "chmara",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: obsolete or dialectal, Far Masovian",
  "path": [
    "chmara"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "chmara",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Far Masovian, Lasovia, Zagórze",
  "path": [
    "chmara"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "numeral",
  "title": "chmara",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Far Masovian, Lasovia, Zagórze",
  "path": [
    "chmara"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "numeral",
  "title": "chmara",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Far Masovian, Lasovia, Zagórze",
  "path": [
    "chmara"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "numeral",
  "title": "chmara",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Far Masovian, Lasovia, Zagórze",
  "path": [
    "chmara"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "numeral",
  "title": "chmara",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Far Masovian, Lasovia, Zagórze",
  "path": [
    "chmara"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "numeral",
  "title": "chmara",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Far Masovian, Lasovia, Zagórze",
  "path": [
    "chmara"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "numeral",
  "title": "chmara",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.